Abstract
This article presents the basic theoretical background of a method for measuring reflective surface height using reflected signals from global navigation satellite systems, known as GNSS reflectometry. It also presents the results of reflective surface height measurements from the metrobridge in Nizhny Novgorod using this method. The measurements were conducted over three days, from September 22 to 24, 2025. Based on these measurements, reflective surface height estimates were obtained. Method provides sufficiently accurate reflective surface height measurements and, in the future, a device operating on the basis of this method can be used as a tide gauge.
Keywords
bistatic radar, global navigation satellite systems, GNSS reflectometry, reflective surface height
References
-
Jin Sh., Camps A., Jia Y. et al. Remote sensing and its applications using GNSS reflected signals: advances and prospects. Satellite Navigation. 2024; 5 (1): 19.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s43020-024-00139-4.
-
Lopatin V.P., Murzabekov M.M., Bobrov D.S. The method for determining the geoid heights using the onboard bistatic system of a nanosatellite based on GNSS signals // Almanac of Modern Metrology. 2023; 4 (36): 44–57. EDN: PWFGAO. (In Russ.)
-
Yan Q., Huang W. Sea ice remote sensing using GNSS-R: A review // Remote Sensing. 2019. V. 11. № 21. 2565.
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212565.
-
Munoz-Martin J.F., Llaveria D., Herbert C., Pablos M., Park H., Camps A. Soil moisture estimation synergy using GNSS-R and L-Band microwave radiometry data from FSSCat/FMPL-2 // Remote Sensing. 2021. V. 13. № 5. 994.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ rs13050994.
-
Mironov V.L., Mikhaylov M.I. et al. Measurement of height and moisture of an agricultural vegetation using GPS/GLONASS receiver. Vestnik SibGAU. 2014; 4 (56): 88–97. EDN: TETCZZ. (In Russ.)
-
Artiushchev D.A., Lopatin V.P. Estimation of water objects boundaries using a bistatic GNSS receiver. In: 2024 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Problems of Informatics, Electronics and Radio Engineering (PIERE 2024). Russia, Novosibirsk, 15–17 November 2024. P. 10–13.
-
GLONASS. Principles of Design and Operation / ed. A.I. Perov, V.N. Kharisov. M.: Radiotekhnika, 2010. 800 p. (In Russ.)
For citation
Fateev V.F., Lopatin V.P., Artiushchev D.A. Results of the experiment using a model of a bistatic radar system based on global navigation satellite systems signals from the bridge over the Oka river. Almanac of Modern Metrology. 2026; 45 (1): 31–40.
Financing
Research was completed with financial support from the Russian Science Foundation grant № 23-67-10007, https://rscf.ru/project/23-67-10007/.
Contribution of the authors
The authors have made equivalent contributions to the preparation of the article.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no potential conflict of interest in connection with the research presented in this article.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY 4.0)
©
Vyacheslav F. Fateev, Vladislav P. Lopatin, Dmitry A. Artiushchev, 2025
JATS XML
This work is available at Scientific Electronic Library eLIBRARY.
Subscribe print journal.
